UNIT  9  ECONOMIC  SECTORS

Work: refers to the productive activities which people do for money.

Active population: group of people between 16 and 65 who are able to work.

• employed: they have a job
• unemployed: they haven´t got a job

Inactive population: people who don´t work (children, retired, housework) and people who can´t work (disabled).
Economic sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary (=service).

PRIMARY  SECTOR

Workers obtain products and resources from nature (raw materials) without any transformation.

Activities:

• agriculture = crop farming
• livestock farming
• fishing
• mining

Agriculture= crop farming: farmers cultivate the soil to grow crops. They can be dry crops (cereal like wheat, olive tree, vine) or irrigated crops (cereal like corn or rice, vegetables, fruit trees).

Livestock farming: stock farmers raise animals like cattle (cows), pigs, sheeps, goats, poultry (hens, dicks, geese, turkeys).

Fishing: fishermen catch fish from the sea. They go fishing near the coast (coastal fishing) or far from the coast (deep sea fishing). They have also fish farms where they raise fish in big tanks.

Mining: miners obtain mineral from the Earth. They work in quarries from which they obtain stone, sand, gravel or slate, and also in mines from which they extract valuable minerals.

SECONDARY  SECTOR

Workers transform raw materials into manufactured products.

Activities:

• industry
• construction

Industry:

• consumer industry: food, footwear, textile, leather, furniture
• manufacturing industry: chemical industry (medicines, paper, fertilizers), metal (steel) industry (machines), car industry, naval industry (boats, ships), aeronautic industry (aircrafts), energy industry (from coal and oil, wind farms).

Construction: houses, buildings, industries.

TERTIARY  SECTOR = SERVICE SECTOR

Workers provide services for other people. It includes the activities that transport the productos, store them, promote them and sell them.

Objectives:

• private services: to make money
• public services: to provide social care and attention

Activities:

• education
• health care
• finance
• communication
• administration
• transport
• trade
• tourism

Trade: to boy and sell products.

• domestic trade: commercial activities within a country
• foreing trade: commercial activities between different countries.
• exports: my country sells (cars, shoes)
• imports: my country buys (petroleoum, computers)

Transport:

• land: railway, motorway, train, bus, car, motorbike, underground
• sea: boat, ship; main ports in Algeciras, Barcelona, Bilbao, Valencia
• air: plane; main airports in Madrid and Barcelona

Tourism:

• beach tourism: to the coast in summer
• snow tourism: to the mountain in winter
• rural tourism: to small villages and countryside
• cultural tourism: to old cities, monuments, museums.

UNIT  9  POPULATION  OF  SPAIN

The population of Sappin doubled during the 19th century, and continued to increase throughout the 20th century. Today it is approximately 47 million.

Most of the population is concentrated in coastal areas and on the islands, as well as in large cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, Sevilla Bilbao and Valencia.

Here you have an updated map from 2013. Click on the picture and you can read all the information about it:

UNIT 9 POPULATION AND ECONOMY
POPULATION
Population: number of people who live in an area. There are two types of population:

• urban population: people who live in towns and cities (city: more than 10.000 inhabitants).

• rural population: people who live in villages. (village: less than 10.000 inhabitants).

Inhabitant: person who lives or occupies a place.

Census: official counting of a country´s population.

Population density: number of inhabitants in a place compared with the size of the place.

Watch this video about population density it´s very interesting and talks about the same concepts we study in class.

Warning!: she speaks very quickly so use the pause bottom to understand.

MIGRATION

Migration is the movement of people from one place (village, city, country) to another.

• Emigration: when you leave your village, city or country to live in another one.
• Inmigration: when someone come to our village, city or country to live in.

This is a world map showing the global net migration pattern. It gives us an idea of the countries that receive more inmigrants. For more information click on the picture.

And here, two maps about migration flow in the world. Maybe they are a bit difficult but be patient and try to understand the arrows.